Growing up Australian: The National Imaginary in School Readers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21153/pecl2012vol22no1art1133Keywords:
school readers, Australian children’s literatureAbstract
During the first half of the twentieth century, School Readers were intended to propagate a national imagination. The symbolic association of the child and the nation is instrumental in this regard. Indeed, such an association is a familiar element in Australian children’s literature of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Invested in the innocence of the young and the child’s naïve adventurous spirit is the potential of a new nation. The sacredness associated with the figure of the child, in Western thinking more broadly, and in School Readers specifically, circulates around the child figure’s naturalised innocence. This paper considers the Readers’ literary and visual production of the child/nation. These school reading books present C. E. W. Bean’s Anzac prototype in ‘The Youngster’, but also, in performing anxieties about a preferred story of national growth, include stark illustrations of dead, abandoned and lost children. Where the child is read metonymically for the nation; the child is contradictorily asked to embody innocence (and therefore vulnerability) at the same time he or she appears confidently assured about the future.
Metrics
References
The Adelaide Readers Book II. (1925) Melbourne, Macmillan.
The Adelaide Readers Book V. (1928) Melbourne, Macmillan.
Bradford, C. (2001) Reading Race: Aboriginality in Australian Children’s Literature. Carlton, Melbourne University Press.
Firth, S. G. (1970) ‘Social Values in the New South Wales Primary School 1880-1914: An Analysis of School Texts’, in R. J. W. Selleck (ed) Melbourne Studies in Education. Carlton, Melbourne University Press, pp.123-59.
Firty, S. G. & Darlington, R. (1993) ‘Racial Stereotypes in the Australian Curriculum: The Case- Study of New South Wales’, in J. A. Mangan (ed) The Imperial Curriculum: Racial Images and Education in the British Colonial Experience. London & New York, Routledge, pp.79- 92.
Heathorn, S. (2000) For Home, Country, and Race: Constructing Gender, Class, and Englishness in the Elementary School, 1880-1914. Toronto, University of Toronto Press.
Higgonet, A. (1998) Pictures of Innocence: The History and Crisis of Ideal Childhood. London, Thames and Hudson.
Lawson, Alan. (2004) ‘The Anxious Proximities of Settler (Post)colonial Relations’, in J. Rivkin & M. Ryan (eds) Literary Theory: An Anthology. Malden, MA, Blackwell, pp. 1210-1223.
Martin, S. K. (2007) “‘Us circling round and round”: The Track of Narrative and the Ghosts of Lost Children in Such is Life.’ Journal of the Association for the Study of Australian Literature: Spectres, Screens, Shadows, Mirrors Special Issue, 77-93.
McGahan, A. (2004) The White Earth. Crows Nest, Allen and Unwin.
New Australian School Series Third Reader. [n.d.] Sydney and Brisbane, William Brooks.
New Australian School Series Fourth Reader. [n.d.] Sydney and Brisbane, William Brooks.
Pierce, P. (1999) The Country of Lost Children: An Australian Anxiety. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Queensland School Readers Book V. (1913) Brisbane, A. J. Cumming, Government Printer. Spaulding, R. (2005) Poetry and Tasmanian Institutions of Learning 1840-1950. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of Tasmania.
The Tasmanian Readers Grade V. (1933) Melbourne, Education Department Tasmania.
Torney, K. (2005) Babes in the Bush: The Making of an Australian Image. Fremantle, Curtin University.
Turner, E. [1894] (1994) Seven Little Australians. Camberwell, Penguin.
The Victorian Readers Second Book. (1930) Melbourne, H.J. Green, Government Printer.
The Victorian Readers Fourth Book. (1930) Melbourne, H. J. Green, Government Printer.
The Victorian Readers Fifth Book. (1930) Melbourne, H. J. Green, Government Printer.
The Victorian Readers Sixth Book. (1929) Melbourne, H. J. Green, Government Printer.
The Victorian Reading-Books Eighth Book. (1928) Melbourne, H. J. Green, Government Printer.