Institutional Amnesia and Humanitarian Disaster Management

Authors

  • Dr Alastair Stark University of Queensland, Australia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21153/thl2020volno0art1022

Keywords:

Institutional amnesia, disaster management, lessons learnt, humanitarian crises

Abstract

Institutional amnesia is a serious concern for those who plan for, respond to and recover from humanitarian crises. Yet little effort has been made to understand its effects in disaster management generally and humanitarian agencies specifically. Consequently, we have no idea how to reform in ways which can deal with the issue of memory-loss. This paper addresses these concerns by defining institutional amnesia in conceptual and empirical terms, establishing its causes in the humanitarian policy space, ascertaining its effects within and across disasters and, most importantly, setting out a series of recommendations that can help humanitarian agencies address their own amnesia. The central argument is that institutional memory-loss is robbing individuals, organisations and networks of their lesson-learning gains. This is the single biggest reason why memory-loss must be acknowledged and treated as matter of some urgency.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Dr Alastair Stark, University of Queensland, Australia

    School of Political Science and International Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

References

Assmann, A. (1999). Erinnerungsräume: Formen und Wandlungen des kulturellen Gedächtnisses. (Munich: Verlag C.H. Beck.

Baddeley, A. (2007). Working Memory, Thought, and Action. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Barakat, S., Deely, S., and Zyck, A. (2010). ‘A tradition of forgetting’: stabilisation and humanitarian action in historical perspective. Disasters, 34(S3): S297−S319

Beck, U. (1992). Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. Sage Publications.

Bell, D. (2006). ‘Introduction: Memory, Trauma and World Politics’ in Bell, D (ed). Memory, Trauma and World Politics: Reflections on the Relationship Between Past and Present, Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Bevir, M., & Rhodes, R.A.W. (2010). The State as Cultural Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.

Boin, A., McConnell, A and ‘t Hart, P. (2008). Governing after Crises: The Politics of Investigation, Accountability and Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Boje, D. 2008. Storytelling Organizations. London: Sage Publications.

Clarke, M., Fanany, I and Kenny, S. (2010) Post-Disaster Reconstruction: Lessons from Aceh. London: Earthscan.

Colten, C.E and Sumpter, A.R. (2009). ‘Social memory and resilience in New Orleans’. Natural Hazards. 48: 355–364.

Connerton, P. (1989). How Societies Remember. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Corbett, J, Grube, D.C, Lovell, H and Scott, R. (2018) ‘Singular memory or institutional memories? Toward a dynamic approach’. Governance. 31 (3): 555-573.

Drennan, L., McConnell, A. and Stark, A. (2015). Risk and Crisis Management in the Public Sector, 2nd edition. Abingdon: Routledge.

Dubey, R. Gunasekaran, A., Altay, N., Childe, S.J and Papadopoulos, T. (2016). Understanding employee turnover in humanitarian organizations. Industrial and Commercial Training, 48 (4): 208-214.

Eburn, M and Dovers, S (2015), 'Learning Lessons from Disasters: Alternatives to Royal Commissions and Other Quasi-Judicial Inquiries', Australian Journal of Public Administration, 74 (4): 495-508

Edkins, J. (2003). Trauma and the Memory of Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Elliott, D. (2009). ‘The Failure of Organizational Learning from Crisis – A Matter of Life and Death?’. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. 17 (3): 157-168.

Halbwachs, M. (1992). On Collective Memory. Chicago: Chicago University Press.

‘t Hart, P and Boin, A, (2001) ‘Between Crisis and Normalcy: The Long Shadow of Post-Crisis Politics’ in Rosenthal, U, Boin and Comfort L.K (eds), Managing Crises: Threats, Dilemmas, Opportunities. Springfield: Charles C Thomas.

Hicks, E and Pappas. G. (2006). ‘Coordinating Disaster Relief after the South Asia Earthquake’. Society. July/ August: 42-50.

Hilhorst, D and Schmiemann, N. (2002) Humanitarian principles and organisational culture: Everyday practice in Meédecins Sans Frontié res-Holland. Development in Practice, 12 (3-4): 490-500.

Hindmoor, A and McConnell, A. (2013) ‘Why didn’t they see it coming? Warning signs, acceptable risk and the global financial crisis’. Political Studies. 61: 543-560.

de Holan, P.M. (2011). Organizational Forgetting, Unlearning, and Memory Systems. Journal of Management Inquiry 20(3):302–304.

Kliegel, M., McDaniel, M.A and Einstein, G.O. (2008). Prospective Memory: Cognitive, Neuroscience, Developmental and Applied Perspectives. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Korff, V.P., Balbo, N., Mills, M., Heyse, L and Wittek, R. (2015) The impact of humanitarian context conditions and individual characteristics on aid worker retention. Disasters, 39(3): 522−545.

Levitt, B. and March, J.G. (1988). Organizational learning. Annual Review of Sociology 14: 319-340.

Loquercio, D., Hammersley, M. and Emmen, B. (2006). Understanding and addressing staff turnover in humanitarian agencies. Humanitarian Practice Network Paper. Available at: https://www.alnap.org/help-library/understanding-and-addressing-staff-turnover-in-humanitarian-agencies

Linde, C. (2009). Working the Past: Narrative and Institutional Memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

March, J.G. (2010) The Ambiguities of Experience. Ithaca N.Y: Cornell University Press.

McDaniel, M.A and Einstein, G.O. (2007). Prospective Memory: An Overview and Synthesis of an Emerging Field. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Misztal, B.A. (2003). Theories of social remembering. Maidenhead: Open University Press.

Moynihan, D.P. (2008). ‘Learning under Uncertainty: Networks in Crisis Management’. Public Administration Review. 68(2): 350-365.

Natsios, P. (1995). NGOs and the UN system in complex humanitarian emergencies: Conflict or cooperation? Third World Quarterly, 16 (3): 405-420.

Olick, J.K and Demetriou, C. (2006). ‘From Theodicy to Ressentiment: Trauma and the Ages of Compensation’ in Bell, D (ed). Memory, Trauma and World Politics: Reflections on the Relationship Between Past and Present, Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Perrow, C. (2007). The next catastrophe: reducing our vulnerabilities to natural, industrial, and terrorist disasters. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.

Pollitt, C. (2000). Institutional Amnesia: A Paradox of the “Information Age”. Prometheus 19(1):5–16.

Pollitt, C. (2009). Bureaucracies Remember, Post-bureaucratic Organizations Forget? Public Administration 87(2):198–218.

Richardson, F. (2006). Meeting the demand for skilled and experienced humanitarian workers. Development in Practice, 16 (3-4): 334-341.

Roth, S. (2012), ‘Professionalisation trends and inequality: experiences and practices in aid relationships’, Third World Quarterly, 33 (8): 1459-74.

Szreter, S. (2011). History and Public Policy in Bate, J (ed) The Public Value of the Humanities. London: Bloomsbury, pp. 219–231.

Stark, A. (2014). ‘Bureaucratic values and resilience: an exploration of crisis management adaptation’. Public Administration. 92 (3): 692-706.

Stark, A. (2018). Public Inquiries, Policy Learning and Threat of Future Crises. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Stark, A. (2019). ‘Explaining Institutional Amnesia in Government’. Governance, 32 (1): 143-158.

Stark, A and Head, B. (2018). Institutional Amnesia and Public Policy. Journal of European Public Policy. (Early View) doi:10.1080/13501763.2018.1535612.

Stumpenhorst, M., Stumpenhorst, R., and Razum, O. (2011). The UNOCHA cluster approach. Gaps between theory and practice. Journal of Public Health. 19 (6):587- 592.

Tatham, P. and Kovács, G. (2010), ‘The application of ‘swift trust’ to humanitarian logistics’, International Journal of Production Economics, 126 (1): 35-45.

Telford, J and Cosgrave, J. (2007) The international humanitarian system and the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunamis. Disasters, 31(1): 1−28.

Terry, F. (2002). Condemned to Repeat? The Paradox of Humanitarian Action. London. Cornell University Press.

Tomasini, R.M. and Van Wassenhove, L.N. (2009), ‘From preparedness to partnerships: case study research on humanitarian logistics’. International Transactions in Operational Research, 16 (5): 549-59.

Walsh, J.P and Ungson, G.R (1991). ‘Organizational Memory’. The Academy of Management Review 16(1):57-91.

Weick, K.E. (1988) ‘Enacted Sensemaking in Crisis Situations’. Journal of Management Studies, 25 (4): 305-317.

Weiss, G. (1999). Principles, Politics, and Humanitarian Action. Ethics & International Affairs, 13:1-22.

Wright, D.B and Gaskell, G.D. (1995). ‘Flashbulb Memories; Conceptual and Methodological Issues’. Memory. 3: 67-80.

A damaged brick building missing a door and with the windows blown out

Downloads

Published

2020-02-12

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

“Institutional Amnesia and Humanitarian Disaster Management” (2020) The Humanitarian Leader, p. Working Paper 005, Feb 2020. doi:10.21153/thl2020volno0art1022.

Similar Articles

1-10 of 50

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.